home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1993
/
TIME Almanac 1993.iso
/
time
/
022690
/
0226005.000
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1992-08-28
|
8KB
|
251 lines
WORLD, Page 28"I Am No Prophet"
On his fifth day of freedom, NELSON MANDELA invited a TIME
correspondent into his home for a chat about prison, freedom
and the outlook for his country
By SCOTT MACLEOD/SOWETO & Nelson Mandela
Q. What surprises you most about the changes you have seen?
A. The appearance of the place has changed very much,
although poverty still stares you in the face. But from the
point of view of the country as a whole, I am surprised by the
extent to which a substantial number of whites have now accepted
that a solution for this country lies in discussions with the
[African National Congress], and their readiness to accept a
nonracial South Africa.
Q. One of the first things you said was that you were not a
prophet. Do people expect too much from you?
A. Well, I don't think so, although I felt the necessity of
warning them that no individual can solve the enormous problems
that face us. It is a collective effort that will enable us to
solve [our] problems.
Q. Do you feel a heavy burden of responsibility?
A. I don't have any fear of a heavy responsibility. As I
have said, I am a loyal and disciplined member of the A.N.C. My
duty is to report to them, and I will use their machinery in any
attempt to solve problems. I will not be acting as an
individual. I will be acting as a member of a team.
Q. You look fit. How is your health?
A. My health, as far as I am concerned, is all right. I
have been monitored by very top medical practitioners and
specialists.
Q. How serious was your bout with tuberculosis two years
ago?
A. Fortunately, they found it at a very initial stage.
There was no spot or lesion in the lungs. They predicted very
cautiously that it would clear away completely, and they assured
me that it has cleared.
Q. What was the hardest thing about prison life?
A. We went through very harsh experiences at the beginning
of our life imprisonment. I was never brutally assaulted, but
many of my colleagues around me were.
Q. There were reports that you became friends with your
guard.
A. In actual fact, there were three. There was Major
Marais. He was in charge of the premises [at Victor Verster
Prison Farm]. Warrant Officer Gregory was his assistant. And
Warrant Officer Swart was the man who actually lived with me in
the house from 7 in the morning to 4 in the afternoon, when he
left until the following morning. I got on very well with all
of them. We became very close friends.
Q. Do you intend to see them again?
A. If I have the opportunity, I certainly will see them.
Q. Are you bitter that you lost these years of your life?
A. Yes and no. I am bitter. There were aspects that were
rewarding. I have lost a great deal in the sense that I spent 27
years of my life in prison.
Q. Was your sacrifice worth it?
A. Yes, it was worth it. To go to prison because of your
convictions, and be prepared to suffer for what you believe in,
is something worthwhile. It is an achievement for a man to do
his duty on earth irrespective of the consequences.
Q. When did the government become more conciliatory toward
you?
A. Actually, the attitude of the government took this form
right back to the 1960s. I was visited by Mr. Jimmy Kruger, who
was Minister of Justice, several times. I was visited by Mr.
[Louis] Le Grange, who is now the Speaker of Parliament.
Leading VIPs, both local and abroad, were allowed to visit me.
The attitude of the government was contradictory. Despite the
harsh treatment, they were prepared to have discussions with me.
During the past three years, I started an initiative of talking
to the government on the question of the release of prisoners
and the question of a meeting between the A.N.C. and the
government.
Q. You initiated political talks?
A. Yes.
Q. What makes you say that President De Klerk is a "man of
integrity"?
A. From the two discussions that I have held [with him],
this has been my distinct impression. There are many things that
he said and did which convinced me that this is a man I could
do business with.
Q. Do you have an understanding with De Klerk that the two
of you must bring your people to reconciliation?
A. On the question of creating a climate conducive to
negotiations, we see eye to eye.
Q. Are you optimistic that the issues of political
prisoners and the ending of the state of emergency can be
resolved fairly quickly?
A. I think so, personally. I don't think that [De Klerk]
has any ground for resisting these two demands.
Q. The main pillars of apartheid still exist in your
country. Why do you say that "freedom is on the horizon"?
A. Well, I have not really personally said that "freedom is
on the horizon." What I have said is that I am confident that
the State President is going to address the questions of the
release of political prisoners and the lifting of the state of
emergency in its totality. Once that happens, we would be able
to sit down to discuss a new constitution.
Q. Is the A.N.C. going into negotiations in a weak position
in comparison with the government?
A. No. We are in a powerful position, because the
government now has accepted that there can be no peaceful
settlement in this country without the involvement of the A.N.C.
For them to change their policy on this question is a victory
for the A.N.C.
Q. But the government still has the security apparatus.
A. They always have. But we have succeeded in getting them
to acknowledge that we have a role to play.
Q. When should sanctions be lifted?
A. When a settlement is reached.
Q. Do you plan to accept the invitations to visit President
Bush and Prime Minister Thatcher?
A. Oh, yes. Speaking for myself, I will accept the
invitations. I have indicated to President Bush that I was
honored by his invitation. But I will report to the A.N.C., and
they will eventually decide whether I should accept the
invitation.
Q. You have said the main issue in negotiations is
reconciling black demands for one man, one vote with white fears
of what that might mean for them. Is that possible?
A. There is sufficient goodwill to reconcile these two
points. The A.N.C. is certainly ready to address the fears of
whites.
Q. Would you compromise on one man, one vote?
A. I am talking about compromise in general. Compromise
means accommodating the point of view of the other party. We are
prepared to do that.
Q. Is this your personal view?
A. It is the view of the A.N.C. that a compromise will be
necessary when you are negotiating. If you don't intend having a
compromise, you don't negotiate at all.
Q. Is President De Klerk's fear of a right-wing backlash
justified?
A. He has no reason to fear the right-wing backlash. He
fears it because he is concentrating on the Afrikaners in this
country. Or on whites alone. He is not taking advantage of the
potential support he might get if he adopts the policy of a
nonracial South Africa. He would get overwhelming support. He
has already got over 75% of the whites in this country.
Therefore, if he emancipates himself from thinking only of
Afrikaners and thinks of whites, he will be assured of 75% of
white voters. But if he expands the scope of this initiative, he
will get the overwhelming support of blacks.
Q. Are white fears of black domination justified?
A. They are not at all justified. We have set out our
policy in the Freedom Charter. That policy ought to satisfy
everybody that we don't mean to dominate anybody.
Q. How seriously do you take the reports of threats to your
life?
A. There is no threat whatsoever from the so-called radical
left. The only threat can be from the right wing.
Q. Are you concerned?
A. No, my people will protect me.
Q. When will blacks be free in this country?
A. I am no prophet. I cannot say.